Often referred to as "first hand" accounts or "original" records, primary sources are the evidence historians use to build interpretations of the past.
Most primary sources are created at the time an historical event occurred, while others, such as autobiographies, are produced long after the events they describe.
Here are some examples:
maps | oral histories | artifacts |
letters | diaries | speeches |
newspapers | autobiographies | government records |
statistical data | photographs | motion pictures |
sound recordings | advertisements |
The Library of Congress provides some examples of citing various primary source types from their collections:
Depending on the topic, you may find a collection of historical primary sources that have been translated into English and published as a recent book. Keep in mind that these collections may also include introductions, commentaries, and other secondary sources as well.
Add the primary source type as a keyword in your search. It may look like this:
"nuclear arms" sources
slavery "personal narratives"
Lyndon Johnson diaries
Ancient greek military maps
"World War II" "primary sources"
"FDR" "speeches"
You can see there are "" marks around phrases or specific names of events.
There is no single comprehensive database of primary sources, you may need to explore different strategies for locating resources. Here are some databases that do have primary sources as part of their holdings:
A database of journal articles, books, images, and primary sources in 75 disciplines including some volumes dating back to the 19th century.
Covers information on the most significant people, events, and topics in world history. Includes magazine, journal and news articles, as well as primary source documents, images, videos, and audio files.
Browse a broad collection of historical primary source materials, from newspapers, books, manuscripts, and archives. Includes Early English Books Online, the U.S. Serial Set I, and much more.